In a small mixing bowl, whisk together the garlic, 1/4 cup of water, soy sauce, brown sugar, sesame oil, chili paste, and cornstarch until it’s smooth.
Heat the vegetable oil in a large pan over medium-high heat. Once the oil shimmers, add the sliced bell pepper, trimmed asparagus, and snow peas. Stir the veggies occasionally, cooking until they soften slightly, about 3-4 minutes.
Add the shrimp to the pan and stir as they cook, turning pink and opaque, about 3-4 minutes more.
Pour the sauce into the pan and stir everything together. Let it cook for another 5 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the sauce thickens and coats the shrimp and vegetables evenly.
Serve the stir fry over a bed of cooked rice, and garnish with fresh cilantro and sesame seeds for a tasty finish.